Constitution at 75: Some interesting facts
Constitution Day, also known as ‘Samvidhan Divas,’ is observed in our country on 26th November every year to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution of India on 26th November 1949 and which came into effect from 26th January 1950.
The idea of the formation of a Constituent Assembly was first suggested by M.N. Roy in 1934. Manabendra Nath Roy, better known as M. N. Roy (21 March 1887 – 25 January 1954). He was an Indian revolutionary, philosopher, radical activist and political theorist. Roy was also the Principal Founder of the Communist Party of India (CPI).
On December 9, 1946, the Constituent Assembly held its first session. Originally consisting of 389 members, the Assembly’s size was reduced to 299 after India’s partition. Over three years, the Assembly conducted eleven sessions over 165 days to draft the Constitution. The Constitution of India became legally binding on November 26, 1949, when all the members signed it. Each member signed the Constitution twice — once the English and then the Hindi original copies.
The Preamble of the Indian Constitution is based on the ‘Objectives Resolution,’ drafted by Pandit Nehru. He moved it on December 13, 1946 and was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on January 22, 1947.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), adopted by the United Nations in 1948, had a significant impact on the inclusion of fundamental rights and human rights provisions in the Indian Constitution. The concepts of human rights, liberty, equality and dignity were incorporated into the Constitution.
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